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Black women

 Subject
Subject Source: Local Ssc
Scope Note: Identity categories provide another way of understanding the lives of women documented in our collections. Identities are assigned based on information available to the Smith College Special Collections, as declared by historical actors. Terms that people may have used to describe their own identities change over time. Because of this, not all collections are categorized. If we have made a mistake in our identity classification, please contact us.

Found in 48 Collections and/or Records:

Achebe Betty Powell interviewed by Kelly Anderson, July 6-7, 2004

 File — Box 42: [Barcode: 310183630030996]
Scope and Contents In this oral history Powell describes her extended family network and roots in the African-Methodist-Episcopal church. She details living in Germany with her father in the 1950s, her conversion to Catholicism, and attending college in St. Paul, MN. Powell recounts her introduction to activism through the National Council of Christians and Jews, and the climate of racism and anti-Semitism in the mid-century South. Powell describes her coming out-both politically and sexually-during the 1970s,...
Dates of Materials: July 6-7, 2004

Achebe Betty Powell papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00834
Abstract

Achebe Betty Powell (June 14, 1940 - February 21, 2023) was a groundbreaking and influential leader in the LGBTQ+ and Civil Rights movements. She devoted her life to activism and was an active antiracism and diversity trainer through her consulting firm, Betty Powell Associates. This collection primarily documents Powell’s consulting work between 1989 and 2023, although there are also materials relating to Powell’s activist work and personal life during that period.

Dates of Materials: 1972 - 2023

Aileen C. Hernandez papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00730
Abstract Aileen C. Hernandez (1926-2017) was a Black feminist known for her roles as an original Commissioner of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and as the second president of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was an active member of more than 100 activist and community-based organizations concerned with racial justice, women’s equality, economic equity, fair housing, education, and other social issues. The Aileen C. Hernandez papers document decades of activism by a...
Dates of Materials: 1926 - 2014

Alliance Against Women's Oppression records

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00699
Abstract International women of color organization, Welfare rights activists, Reproductive rights and Women's health advocates. The Records are primarily related to the Bay Area Chapter of the Alliance and contain documents that articulate and demonstrate the challenges of developing a revolutionary mass organization through position and discussion papers, drafts, and publications produced by the Alliance. There is abundant documentation of the processes of coalition and social investigation that...
Dates of Materials: 1980-1989

Barbara Smith interviewed by Loretta J. Ross, May 7–8, 2003

 File — Multiple Containers
Scope and Contents

In this oral history Barbara Smith describes her childhood in an emotionally warm and culturally rich family that valued education and race work. The interview focuses on her activism as a grassroots organizer, writer, and publisher. Smith's story details the political challenges and personal costs of being a pioneer in radical coalition politics against imperialism, racism, and sexism, and homophobia. (Transcript 109 pp.)

Dates of Materials: May 7–8, 2003

Bernie D. Jones papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00743
Abstract Bernie D. Jones is a legal scholar and author. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. She graduated from Hunter College, the New York University School of Law and the University of Virginia, where she earned a doctorate in U.S. History. Her specialization was in legal history and theory. She served as an Assistant Corporation Counsel in the New York City Law Department from 1992-1995 and was on the faculty of the University of Massachusetts Amherst Department of Legal Studies from 2003-2008....
Dates of Materials: 1986 - 2016

Beth Jacobs papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00082
Abstract

Beth Jacobs was a birth control activist and member of the Legislative Council of Jamaica. Her papers include correspondence, speeches, clippings, photographs, video tape, writings, and printed material relating to family planning, sex education, family life and health, child welfare association, the International Planned Parenthood Foundation and the Beth Jacobs Family Planning Clinic in Jamaica, 1950-1998.

Dates of Materials: 1934 - 2006

Black Women's Health Imperative records

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00487
Abstract Women of color, reproductive rights, and women's health advocacy organization. The records consist of materials pertaining to the administration and the public outreach work of the Black Women's Health Imperative (BWHI), including board of directors files reports, correspondence, conference materials, photograph albums, memorabilia, and audiovisual materials. There is a large amount of promotional and educational materials produced by BWHI including pamphlets, posters, brochures, fact...
Dates of Materials: 1980 - 2018

Byllye Avery Interviewed by Loretta J. Ross, July 21-22, 2005

 File — Box 6: [Barcode: 310183630030418]
Scope and Contents In this oral history, Byllye Avery describes her childhood in Georgia and Florida, her marriage to Wesley Avery, and her early widowhood, which propelled her into health activism in her early 30s. The interview focuses on her work in women's organizations in the 1970s, her experiences working with white women in the beginning of the women's health movement, and her experiences in establishing the premiere black women's health organization in the U.S., the National Black Women's Health...
Dates of Materials: July 21-22, 2005

Byllye Avery papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00652
Abstract

Health reformer; reproductive rights advocate. Papers document Avery's work as an activist in the field of black women's health and reproductive rights, including clippings, articles, correspondence, financial information, conference materials, speaking engagements, memorabilia, and audiovisual materials. Materials relating to Avery's involvement in the Black Women's Health Imperative are also included.

Dates of Materials: 1951 - 2011

Constance Baker Motley papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00110
Abstract Judge, lawyer, civil rights advocate, and state senator. The bulk of the Motley papers document her professional life; material includes speeches, interviews, photographs, and memorabilia. The collection sheds light on the successes and failures of programs that emerged from the public policy applications of civil rights in such areas as the war on poverty and race discrimination; urban renewal; and in the New York State courts and political systems. Notable correspondents include: Bella...
Dates of Materials: 1934 - 2023

Dázon Dixon Diallo interviewed by Loretta J. Ross, April 4, 2009

 File — Box 16: [Barcode: 310183630446465]
Scope and Contents In this oral history, Diallo discusses the family and spiritual sources of her commitment to activism and describes her early involvement in feminist health work. She underscores the cultural obstacles to tackling HIV/AIDS in the rural South and traces the stages in SisterLove's expanding mission. Diallo emphasizes the essential role of Self Help in her own effectiveness as a leader and offers examples of the human rights approach to HIV/AIDS which puts women's empowerment at the center of a...
Dates of Materials: April 4, 2009

Dázon Dixon Diallo papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00683
Abstract Dázon Dixon Diallo is founder and president of SisterLove, Inc., established in 1989, the first women’s HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Justice organization in the southeastern United States.As a student at Spelman College, Dázon took a leading role in anti-apartheid work. After attending the First National Conference on Black Women's Health Issues at Spelman in June, 1983, she sought out community women's health work. She earned her B.A. from Spelman in 1986. From 1984 to 1989, she was a lay...
Dates of Materials: 1985-2000

Deb Friedman collection of feminist anti-violence records

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00795
Abstract The D.C. Rape Crisis Center was founded in 1972 as one of the first anti-rape organizations and the first Rape Crisis Center in the country. At the time it was started, the Center had a primary goal of being run by women of color, which was achieved during various periods through its history. This collection contains orientation information for new volunteers, as well as event information, various publications, and pamphlets. Addition material includes handwritten notes (loose and in...
Dates of Materials: 1971-1984

Doris Vivian Wilson papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00650
Abstract

Doris Vivian Wilson worked for many years for the YWCA of Metropolitan Chicago, and was the first African American executive of that organization.This collection includes awards, photograph of unidentified African American woman under a YWCA of Metropolitan Chicago poster, primitive wood carving, paper parasol, and oher memorabelia.

Dates of Materials: 1976 - 2001

Dorothy Irene Height papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00606
Abstract Civil rights activist, YWCA worker. The Dorothy Height Papers, which appear to be a reference file compiled by YWCA of the U.S.A. archives staff from YWCA records and other sources, are primarily related to her work with the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) and the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW), dating from 1937 to 2005. The bulk of the materials cover the period between the late 1950s and the mid 1970s and include correspondence, clippings, photographs, awards and...
Dates of Materials: 1937-2005

Dorothy Pitman Hughes papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00733
Abstract Dorothy Pitman Hughes is a civil rights feminist activist, movement leader and author. In the collection there are: fliers, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, proposals, certificates, and photographs. Of special interest, though in very fragile condition, are several issues of The Black Panther,the party's official newspaper. This collection also includes one oversize copy of Dan Bagan's 2014 black and white photograph of Dorothy Pitman Hughes and Gloria...
Dates of Materials: 1964 - 2016

Elaine Pinderhughes papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00549
Abstract

Elaine Pinderhughes was a professor of social work and highly sought after consultant, as well as a leader and featured speaker at conferences, workshops, and symposia. This collection includes published and unpublished articles and essays, including notes and drafts, as well as research materials for her book, Understanding Race, Ethnicity and Power: The Key to Efficacy in Clinical Practice (1989).

Dates of Materials: 1943 - 2012

Evelyn Boyd Granville papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00747
Abstract

The collection contains the personal papers of Evelyn Boyd Granville, mathematician, computer scientist, and educator.

Dates of Materials: 1936-2010

Evelyn C. White papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00666
Abstract

Evelyn Corliss White is a writer of books relating to women of African descent. Her papers include research files for her biography of Alice Walker, articles and book reviews by White, research files for The Black Women's Health Book: Speaking For Ourselves, correspondence, photographs, and a small amount of biographical material.

Dates of Materials: 1959 - 2010

Frances Beal Interviewed by Loretta J. Ross, March 18, 2005

 File — Box 7: [Barcode: 310183630030426]
Scope and Contents

In this oral history, Frances Beal describes her unique childhood, born of parents of refugee Jewish, African American, and Native American descent. The interview focuses on her activism in the United States and in France, including founding the Women's Committee of SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee). Beal's story captures the challenges of anti-racist, anti-fascist and anti-imperialist organizing with a gender perspective. (Transcript 54 pp.)

Dates of Materials: March 18, 2005

Jane White papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00262
Abstract Actress. Papers include scripts, newspaper clippings, notes, publicity, correspondence, audiotapes, interviews, scrapbooks, and photographs. These materials, enhanced by White's eloquent self-reflections in interviews generated by her work on stage, document the career of a versatile performer. While the collection primarily documents White's professional career and the challenges she faced as an African American actress, her husband Alfredo Viazzi and her prominent parents, Walter and...
Dates of Materials: 1920 - 2011

Jeanne L. Noble papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00488
Abstract Professor, Author. Papers consist primarily of materials related to Noble's involvement in the National Council of Negro Women (specifically the Dorothy I. Height Leadership Institute) in the late 1990s, and the Delta Sigma Theta sorority in the 1980s and 1990s. In addition, there are some materials documenting Noble's work on several governmental commissions and committees in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as various community organizations. Also included are essays and speeches by Noble and...
Dates of Materials: 1950 - 2002

Jewel Graham papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00525
Abstract

The collection contains the personal and professional papers of Jewel Graham, including a typescript of her unpublished memoir, which includes reflections on growing up as an African American girl in Springfield, Ohio, her education, her employment as professor at Antioch College, and her life-long service in the YWCA, from age 13, to becoming President of the National Board and of the World YWCA.

Dates of Materials: 1940-2008

Linda Burnham interviewed by Loretta J. Ross, March 18, 2005

 File — Box 12: [Barcode: 310183630030764]
Scope and Contents In this oral history, Linda Burnham describes her childhood immersed in the black radical community of New York City in the 1950s and 1960s. It also includes a brief interview with her mother, Dorothy Burnham. Linda's interview focuses on her activism in the early abortion rights movement in Black Women United in the 1970s and the impact working with the Venceremos Brigade and traveling to Cuba had on her life. She also discusses the anti-imperialist work that led her to San Francisco in the...
Dates of Materials: March 18, 2005

Linda Burnham papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00736
Abstract Linda Burnham is a journalist, activist, and leader in women's rights movements, particularly with organizations and projects serving and advocating for women of color. Collection is comprised of photographs, writings by Burnham, and biographical material. Also, in addition to materials and photographs related to the Third World Women Alliance (TWWA), there is also much material related to its successor organizations, the Alliance Against Women's Oppression and the Women of Color Resource...
Dates of Materials: 2000 - 2015

Linda Janet Holmes oral histories of African-American midwives

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00672
Abstract Linda Janet Holmes is a women's health researcher, writer, independent scholar, and activist. She is a research scientist for the New Jersey Department of Public Health, has served as executive director of the New Jersey Office of Minority and Multicultural Affairs, and a board member of the National Black Women's Health Project. This collection contains sixty oral history interviews (audio recordings) with African-American midwives who practiced in the southern United States, primarily...
Dates of Materials: 1979 - 2010

Loretta J. Ross papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00504
Abstract Loretta J. Ross is a Reproductive Rights advocate, Civil Rights activist, feminist, women's health activist. Her papers contain speeches, writings, correspondence, organization and conference files, and audiovisual materials. The collection pertains primarily to Ross' activism for reproductive justice rights for women of color, anti-violence, international human rights work, and particularly to issues related black women's health. Other topics include abortion, women's health, teenage...
Dates of Materials: 1956 - 2014

Loretta Ross interviewed by Joyce Follet, November 3-5, 2004, December 1-3, 2004, and February 4, 2005

 File — Multiple Containers
Scope and Contents

In this lengthy interview, Ross details her childhood and early education, family life and sexual assault. She traces and analyzes her political evolution from black nationalism in the 1970s to liberal feminism in the 1980s, and from human rights advocacy in the 1990s to reproductive justice organizing in the present. Her account sheds light on the interplay of national and international events in women of color organizing in the U.S. (Transcript 364 pp.)

Dates of Materials: November 3-5, 2004, December 1-3, 2004, and February 4, 2005

Marcia Ann Gillespie papers

 Collection
Identifier: SSC-MS-00464
Abstract Marcia Anne Gillespie was Editor in Chief of both Essence Magazine and Ms. Magazine and served as President of Liberty Media for Women, Inc. Her papers include faxes; memoranda; correspondence; electronic mail; magazines, videotapes, and books; pamphlets; reprints of paper and internet articles; typescripts of essays submitted to Ms.; faxes and photocopies of correspondence to and from Gloria Steinem; contracts, correspondence and memoranda re: Gillespie's...
Dates of Materials: 1987 - 2002